HanziGuru.惜 · xī
惜
xī[xi1]Tone 1

to cherish

HSK 5
Guru Deep Dive

English · to cherish

Cached lesson
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Topology:Left-right
Strokes:11
Writing Balance Rule: The left radical (heart component) is compressed slightly to give ample room for the right phonetic component, maintaining a balanced left-right harmony.

to cherish, to value deeply

to begrudge, to be sparing withto pity, to feel sorry for
VerbNeutralBound morpheme#emotion#attitude#behavior
Sample Usage
  • 我们要珍惜时间。
    Wǒmen yào zhēnxī shíjiān.
    We must cherish time.
  • 他惜墨如金。
    Tā xī mò rú jīn.
    He is sparing of his ink as if it were gold (he writes very concisely).
/[ɕi˥]/Tone: 55
惜
xīxi1
++
¯(55)
=xī
Initial Consonant
x
Type: Alveolo-Palatal Fricative
Sounds like: sh sound pronounced further forward with teeth closer together
Unaspirated
Airflow Tactile Test: Hissing friction with lips stretched wide in a smile.
Tongue & Mouth Position: Tongue tip rests behind lower front teeth while the middle of the tongue rises toward the hard palate.
Final Rhyme
i
Vowel Group: -i vowel group
Sounds like: ee sound as in 'see'
Mouth Shape Guide: Pronounce as standalone vowel 'ee'.
Common Learner Trap: Keep vowel quality steady across all 4 tone contours.
Tone
T1 (55)
1st Tone (High-Flat)
Tone Pitch & Cadence: Tone 1 stays flat and high, similar to holding a single high note when singing in English.
👂
Listening trap: Beginners sometimes confuse the soft 'x' initial with an English 'sh' sound, missing the distinct tongue position against the front lower teeth for the Chinese alveolo-palatal fricative.
👋
Physical Tone Gesture: Imagine a high, steady musical note held flat at the very top of your vocal range, accompanied by a straight horizontal gesture with your hand.

Topology: Left-right · Strokes: 11 strokes

Writing Balance Rule: The left radical (heart component) is compressed slightly to give ample room for the right phonetic component, maintaining a balanced left-right harmony.

Radical 忄 · Vertical Heart Radical (Emotions, feelings, states of mind)

Semantic Clue (形旁): 忄 (Indicates that the action relates to emotions, care, or feelings of the heart.)

Phonetic Clue (声旁): 昔 (original sound: xī)

The vertical heart radical (忄) placed next to the phonetic component 'former/past' (昔) forms '惜', suggesting holding onto or pitying something from the past or valuing what you have in your heart.

  • 忄 Heart / Emotion
  • 昔 Formerly / Past (provides sound and hint of fleeting time)
Liushu category: Phono-semantic (形声)

Origin: Combined from the heart radical (忄) for emotional bearing and 昔 (xī, past) as a phonetic indicator, originally capturing the sentiment of looking back at the past with lingering affection or regret.

Semantic Evolution: Shifted from emotional regret or remembrance toward active cherishing, valuing, and sparing use of precious resources.

  • The component 昔 originally depicted dried meat drying under the sun, symbolizing bygone times.
🇻🇳
Sino-Vietnamese
tích
Similar level or checked tone nuances depending on historical phonetic correspondences.
🇯🇵
Kanji (Japanese)
On: セキ (seki) / Kun: おし.む (oshi.mu)
🇰🇷
Hanja (Korean)
석
Vivid Mnemonic Story

In your **heart** (忄), you hold onto the **past** (昔) because you truly **cherish** and **pity** every fading moment.

Phonetic Family (形声字家族)
借
jièto borrow / to lendUses the person radical (亻) instead of heart (忄).
错
cuòwrong / mistakeUses the metal/gold radical (钅) instead of heart (忄).
Lookalikes & Traps (形近字)
借(jiè)
Check the left side: 惜 has the heart radical (忄) for feelings/valuing, while 借 has the person radical (亻) for borrowing between people.
Active Recall Challenge
我们应该[___]每一分宝贵的时间。
Clue: xī
Common Learner Pitfall

Confusing 惜 (xī - to cherish) with 借 (jiè - to borrow) due to their identical right-hand phonetic component 昔.

Memory Prompts
Recognition: What does the character 惜 mean when you see it combined with zhēn in 珍惜?
Production: How do you write the character for 'to cherish' (xī) which features a vertical heart radical on the left?

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惜xīto cherish
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