HanziGuru.穿 · chuān
穿
chuān[chuan1]Tone 1

to wear, to put on, to pierce

HSK 1
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English · to wear, to put on, to pierce

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Topology:Top-bottom
Strokes:9
Writing Balance Rule: The top roof component (穴) must be broad and shelter the lower body component (牙) without letting it collapse downward.

to wear or put on (clothing, shoes, etc.)

to bore throughto pierceto pass throughto thread
VerbNeutral#clothing#action#penetration
Sample Usage
  • 天气冷了,多穿一点衣服。
    tiān qì lěng le, duō chuān yì diǎn yī fú.
    The weather is cold, wear a bit more clothes.
  • 这双鞋穿起来很舒服。
    zhè shuāng xié chuān qǐ lái hěn shū fú.
    This pair of shoes is very comfortable to wear.
/[t͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵]/Tone: 55
穿
chuānchuan1
++
¯(55)
=chuān
Initial Consonant
ch
Type: Aspirated Retroflex
Sounds like: ch sound with tongue curled back
AspiratedRetroflex
Airflow Tactile Test: Both curled tongue AND explosive puff of air! Tissue MUST fly.
Tongue & Mouth Position: Tongue tip curled back near hard palate, releasing a strong puff of air.
Final Rhyme
uan
Vowel Group: -a vowel group
Sounds like: -uan rhymes with 'wan' in wand
Mouth Shape Guide: Pronounce as standalone vowel 'wahn'.
Common Learner Trap: Keep vowel quality steady across all 4 tone contours.
Tone
T1 (55)
1st Tone (High-Flat)
Tone Pitch & Cadence: Tone 1 is a high, level pitch (55) similar to holding out a musical note at the top of your vocal range.
👂
Listening trap: Confusing the retroflex initial 'ch-' with the alveolar affricate 'c-' (which is pronounced closer to 'ts').
👋
Physical Tone Gesture: Keep your voice steady and high like a flat musical note, imagining a straight horizontal line in the air.

Topology: Top-bottom · Strokes: 9 strokes

Writing Balance Rule: The top roof component (穴) must be broad and shelter the lower body component (牙) without letting it collapse downward.

Radical 穴 · cave radical (cave, hole)

Semantic Clue (形旁): 穴 (Denotes a cave, opening, or space through which something passes.)

Phonetic Clue (声旁): 牙 (original sound: yá / chuān)

A cave or opening (穴) where teeth or tusks (牙) pierce through or poke out.

  • 穴 Cave or hole roof
  • 牙 Teeth or crossed stakes underneath
Liushu category: Phono-semantic (形声)

Origin: Originally depicted a hole or cave (穴) with something piercing or crossing through it, evolving into the general concept of boring through, penetrating, and eventually putting on clothes.

Semantic Evolution: From the physical act of piercing a hole through a barrier, it expanded to threading needles, passing through tunnels, and finally wearing garments that 'penetrate' onto the body.

  • In ancient texts, it frequently referred to digging tunnels or piercing armor.
Vivid Mnemonic Story

Imagine standing inside a mountain CAVE (穴) where sharp TEETH or stalactites (牙) are piercing right through the ceiling, just like you PUT ON your heavy winter jacket to brave the cold.

Phonetic Family (形声字家族)
穿
chuānto wear, to pierceStandard base character for wearing and piercing.
窊
wādepressed, sunkenReplaces the lower part with a symbol of water or low land.
Lookalikes & Traps (形近字)
说(shuō)
说 has speech radical (讠) on the left for speaking, whereas 穿 has the cave radical (穴) on top for wearing and piercing.
Active Recall Challenge
外面很冷,出门记得___厚衣服。
Clue: chuān
Common Learner Pitfall

Confusing the top roof radical 穴 with the treasure or roof radical 宀, or mispronouncing the initial as an unaspirated sound.

Memory Prompts
Recognition: When you see 穿, what two main ideas should immediately come to mind?
Production: How do you write the character for 'to wear / to pierce' (chuān) using the cave radical and the lower component?

Watch authentic native speakers pronounce and explain this word in real-world YouTube videos.

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穿chuānto wear, to put on, to pierce
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