HanziGuru.啞 · yǎ
啞
yǎ[ya3]Tone 3

mute, dumb, hoarse

HSK 7
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哑
Multiple Readings (多音字):
Guru Deep Dive

English · mute, dumb, hoarse

Cached lesson
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Topology:Left-right
Strokes:9
Writing Balance Rule: The left component (口 mouth) takes up about one-third of the width, leaving two-thirds for the right phonetic component (亚). Keep both sides vertically balanced within an imaginary square.
Simplification Logic: The traditional form 啞 uses 亞 as the phonetic component, which was retained identically in the simplified character 哑.
1. Meaning

mute or dumb, incapable of speech

hoarse or husky (of a voice)dud or silent (of a bullet, bomb, or firecracker that fails to explode)
AdjectiveNeutral#human body#health#sound#defects
Sample Usage
  • 他因为感冒，嗓子哑了。
    tā yīnwèi gǎnmào, sǎngzi yǎ le.
    Because of a cold, his throat became hoarse.
  • 哑巴
    yǎba
    mute person, deaf-mute
2. Sound
/[ja²¹⁴]/Tone: 214
啞
yǎya3
++
ˇ(214)
=yǎ
Build the syllable
Step-by-step blending
ya
Tone mark placement: Tone mark sits on "a" per main-vowel priority (a > e > o; in -iu/-ui the mark takes the second vowel).
Initial Consonant
y
Type: Glide (y)
Sounds like: Glide (y)
Unaspirated
Airflow Tactile Test: Acts as a bridge into 'i' or 'ü' vowel sounds.
Tongue & Mouth Position: Tongue starts flat and rises toward the hard palate for the semi-vowel glide before dropping.
Final Rhyme
a
Vowel Group: -a vowel group
Sounds like: ah sound like in 'father'
Mouth Shape Guide: Pronounce as standalone vowel 'ah'.
Common Learner Trap: Keep vowel quality steady across all 4 tone contours.
Tone
T3 (214)
3rd Tone (Low-Dipping)
Tone Pitch & Cadence: Tone 3 dips low and rises up, similar to saying 'What?' in sheer disbelief.
Sandhi: When followed by another 3rd tone syllable, it shifts to a 2nd tone (rising 35), turning yǎ into yá.
👂
Listening trap: Mistaking it for 1st tone (yā) or 4th tone (yà). Pay attention to the deep dipping contour of Tone 3.
👋
Physical Tone Gesture: Trace a checkmark in the air: dip down from your chest level and swing up high to signify Tone 3.
3. Writing

Topology: Left-right · Strokes: 9 strokes

Writing Balance Rule: The left component (口 mouth) takes up about one-third of the width, leaving two-thirds for the right phonetic component (亚). Keep both sides vertically balanced within an imaginary square.

Simplification Logic: The traditional form 啞 uses 亞 as the phonetic component, which was retained identically in the simplified character 哑.

4. Components

Radical 口 · Mouth Radical (Mouth, speaking, voice, or lack thereof)

Semantic Clue (形旁): 口 (Indicates that the word relates to the mouth, speech, or vocal ability.)

Phonetic Clue (声旁): 亚 (original sound: ya)

A person has a MOUTH (口) but their voice gets stuck underground, reduced to a low subterranean level (亚), making them unable to speak.

  • 口 Mouth semantic indicator
  • 亚 Phonetic provider yielding 'yǎ'
5. History
Liushu category: Phono-semantic (形声)

Origin: Combined from the mouth radical (口) indicating speech and the phonetic component (亚), originally created to depict a voice that cannot come out properly.

Semantic Evolution: Originally denoting muteness, the meaning naturally extended to describe any voice blocked or rendered husky, such as from crying or illness, and further to inanimate objects like silent duds.

  • In classical texts, it often specifically referred to deaf-mutes or someone losing their speaking capacity due to illness.
6. Sinosphere
🇯🇵
Kanji (Japanese)
On: ア (a) / Kun: おし (oshi)
7. Memory
Vivid Mnemonic Story

Imagine a person standing with their MOUTH (口) wide open, but because they swallowed a magic pill labeled 'ASIA' (亚), their voice gets trapped and they become MUTE (yǎ).

Phonetic Family (形声字家族)
亞
Phonetic Core (声旁)
埡
+ 土 (earth)
堊
+ 土 (earth)
婭
+ 女 (woman)
Explore this family →
Lookalikes & Traps (形近字)
亚(yà)
Lacks the mouth radical on the left side.
雅(yǎ)
Has the tooth/fang radical (牙) on the right instead of 亚.
8. Mastery
Active Recall Challenge
感冒以後，我的嗓子很[___]。
Clue: yǎ
Common Learner Pitfall

Confusing it with 雅 (yǎ, elegant) due to the similar sound and phonetic root, ignoring that 哑 uses 亚 on the right.

Memory Prompts
Recognition: What does 哑 mean when describing a person's vocal ability or a firecracker?
Production: How do you write the character for 'mute/hoarse' (yǎ), which combines a mouth radical with the phonetic for 'ya'?
Real-World Video Context

Watch authentic native speakers pronounce and explain this word in real-world YouTube videos.

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