HanziGuru.莫 · mò
莫
mò[mo4]Tone 4

do not, none, sunset

HSK 7
Guru Deep Dive

English · do not, none, sunset

Cached lesson
1 / 1
Topology:Top-bottom
Strokes:10
Writing Balance Rule: The top grass radical (艹) should sit wide and flat across the top, shielding the sun (日) and big (大) components nestled underneath.

do not / no one / none

surname Mosunset / dusk (original classical meaning)
Adverb / PronounLiterary / Classical#negation#prohibition#pronoun
Sample Usage
  • 莫生气
    mò shēng qì
    Do not get angry
  • 莫斯科
    mò sī kē
    Moscow (transliteration use)
/[mɔ˥˩]/Tone: 51
莫
mòmo4
++
`(51)
=mò
Build the syllable
Step-by-step blending
mo
Tone mark placement: Tone mark sits on "o" per main-vowel priority (a > e > o; in -iu/-ui the mark takes the second vowel).
Initial Consonant
m
Type: Bilabial Nasal
Sounds like: m sound as in 'mother'
Unaspirated
Airflow Tactile Test: Nasal resonance through nostrils.
Tongue & Mouth Position: Lips pressed together lightly, air expelled through the nose.
Final Rhyme
o
Vowel Group: -o vowel group
Sounds like: o rhymes with 'aw' in 'saw'
Mouth Shape Guide: Pronounce as standalone vowel 'aw'.
Common Learner Trap: Keep vowel quality steady across all 4 tone contours.
Tone
T4 (51)
4th Tone (High-Falling)
Tone Pitch & Cadence: Tone 4 starts high and drops abruptly to the bottom, identical to an emphatic English command like 'No!' or 'Stop!'.
👂
Listening trap: Confusing it with light neutral tones or mistaking the short open 'o' sound for an 'u' sound.
👋
Physical Tone Gesture: A sharp, decisive downward chop with the hand, matching the 51 falling pitch.

Topology: Top-bottom · Strokes: 10 strokes

Writing Balance Rule: The top grass radical (艹) should sit wide and flat across the top, shielding the sun (日) and big (大) components nestled underneath.

Radical 艹 · Grass Radical (grass, plants, vegetation)

The sun (日) is hidden deep down inside the thick grass (艹), signaling that dusk has arrived and the day is done.

  • 艹 Grass or vegetation at the top
  • 日 The sun trapped in the middle
  • 大 A big shape spreading at the base
Liushu category: Compound ideogram (会意)

Origin: Originally depicted the sun disappearing into the grass at dusk. It evolved to mean sunset or dusk, and later was borrowed as a negative prohibition meaning 'do not'.

Semantic Evolution: From 'sunset / when the sun vanishes into the grass' to 'nothing / none exists' and finally used widely as an imperative negative 'do not'.

  • In ancient texts, 莫 often meant 'nobody' or 'none', as in '莫不' (there is none who does not).
🇯🇵
Kanji (Japanese)
On: バク, マク / Kun: nai, nakare
🇰🇷
Hanja (Korean)
막
Vivid Mnemonic Story

As the sun (日) sinks down into the tall grass (艹) and big (大) bushes at sunset, nature whispers a command: 'Do not (莫) stay out after dark!'

Phonetic Family (形声字家族)
摸
mōto touch, feel, or stroke+ 扌 (hand)
模
móto imitate, model, norm, pattern+ 木 (tree)
幕
mùcurtain+ 巾 (cloth)
漠
mòdesert, unconcerned+ 氵 (water)
Lookalikes & Traps (形近字)
英(yīng)
英 has a top grass radical too, but features a center person/middle part (央), whereas 莫 has the sun and big components.
Active Recall Challenge
大家请安静,[___] 说话。
Clue: mò
Common Learner Pitfall

Confusing 莫 with general negative adverbs like 别 (bié) or 不 (bù), forgetting that 莫 is primarily used in written, literary, or formal proverbs.

Memory Prompts
Recognition: When you see 莫 with its grass crown, sun, and big base, what literary prohibition and classical meaning does it carry?
Production: How do you write the classical character for 'do not / sunset' that features the sun trapped inside grass?

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